提高脫貧質(zhì)量
脫貧攻堅(jiān)規(guī)定了扶貧對(duì)象的量化脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，“一達(dá)標(biāo)、兩不愁、三保障”。但是，容易被忽視的是，單純地套用脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來評(píng)價(jià)是否脫貧容易導(dǎo)致數(shù)字脫貧、虛假脫貧現(xiàn)象。脫貧質(zhì)量的概念由此應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，其意義是讓脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)回歸真正脫貧的內(nèi)涵。在某種意義上，可以說脫貧質(zhì)量是完整版的脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，內(nèi)涵包括結(jié)果真實(shí)、穩(wěn)定脫貧、效益良好和程序規(guī)范四個(gè)方面。
對(duì)此，習(xí)近平指出，脫貧既要看數(shù)量，更要看質(zhì)量，不能到時(shí)候都說完成了脫貧任務(wù)，過一兩年又大規(guī)模返貧。要多管齊下提高脫貧質(zhì)量，鞏固脫貧成果。要嚴(yán)把貧困退出關(guān)，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行退出的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和程序，確保脫真貧、真脫貧。要把防止返貧擺在重要位置，適時(shí)組織對(duì)脫貧人口開展“回頭看”，對(duì)返貧人口和新發(fā)生貧困人口及時(shí)予以幫扶。要探索建立穩(wěn)定脫貧長效機(jī)制，強(qiáng)化產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧，組織消費(fèi)扶貧，加大培訓(xùn)力度，促進(jìn)轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)，讓貧困群眾有穩(wěn)定的工作崗位。要做好易地扶貧搬遷后續(xù)幫扶。要加強(qiáng)扶貧同扶志扶智相結(jié)合，讓脫貧具有可持續(xù)的內(nèi)生動(dòng)力。
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Poverty Elimination
China has set clear standards for poverty elimination. But if these standards are simplistically applied in evaluating the results, it may lead to fake poverty elimination or being apparent only in figures. So the effectiveness of poverty elimination must be ensured, with outcomes, stability, effects and procedures all taken into consideration.
Xi Jinping emphasizes the need for both "quality" and "quantity." It will be a failure if poverty is reportedly eliminated, but within one or two years the people return to poverty again. Progress must be demonstrable, and evaluation of the results must follow strict criteria in accordance with strict procedures.
To prevent people from returning to poverty, follow-up checks at appropriate intervals will be conducted, and timely assistance provided to those newly caught in poverty or returning to poverty. A long-term mechanism for stable poverty elimination will be built to support local business development, boost consumption of local products and services, provide training, and create stable jobs for the poor. Follow-up assistance will continue after relocation, and the poor will acquire necessary skills to escape poverty with more confidence, so that poverty elimination will be sustained through their internal impetus.
