穩定脫貧長效機制

貧困具有長期和動態的特征。所謂穩定脫貧，是指通過創新觀念、激活動力、穩定收入來源、完善基礎設施、提升公共服務等方式，降低脫貧群體的脆弱性，增強其發展能力，不斷改善其生活水平，永久跳出“貧困陷阱”。建立健全穩定脫貧長效機制不僅能夠消除一家一戶的絕對貧困，促進貧困地區經濟社會的可持續發展，而且有助于阻斷貧困的代際傳遞。建立健全穩定脫貧的長效機制，不僅影響打贏脫貧攻堅戰的進程與質量，而且對于2020年后促進貧困地區經濟社會可持續發展、減緩相對貧困，為實現第二個百年目標奠定基礎，也具有重要意義。

對此，習近平指出，要把防止返貧擺在重要位置，適時組織對脫貧人口開展“回頭看”，對返貧人口和新發生貧困人口及時予以幫扶。要探索建立穩定脫貧長效機制，強化產業扶貧，組織消費扶貧，加大培訓力度，促進轉移就業，讓貧困群眾有穩定的工作崗位。要做好易地扶貧搬遷后續幫扶，加強扶貧同扶志扶智相結合，讓脫貧具有可持續的內生動力。

Long-Term Mechanism for Stable Poverty Elimination

Poverty is a state that may last indefinitely. Stable poverty elimination means that the people who have escaped poverty now have more initiative, stable sources of income, and better infrastructure and public services. They are less vulnerable, as they have more ability to manage their own development and improve living standards, and can escape the "poverty pitfall" permanently.

A sound long-term mechanism for stable poverty elimination will help individual households eliminate absolute poverty, promote sustainable economic and social development of poor areas, and stop intergenerational transmission of poverty. While influencing the progress and quality of poverty elimination, it will also be significant to poor areas in maintaining sustainable economic and social development and in mitigating relative poverty after 2020, thus laying a solid foundation for realizing China's second centenary goal by the mid-21st century.

Xi Jinping has demanded action to prevent people from falling back into poverty. He has required follow-up checks at appropriate intervals and timely assistance to any new victims of poverty and those who fall back into poverty. With a long-term mechanism for stable poverty elimination in place, the poor can benefit from economic development, earn more from selling their products and services, receive more training, and find stable jobs other than farming. Assistance will continue after relocation, and the poor will have more confidence in their ability to escape poverty and acquire the skills they need to do so, so that poverty elimination will be sustained through the endogenous initiative of the poor themselves.