“最后一公里”

“最后一公里”原指完成長途跋涉的最后一段里程，被引申為完成一件事情最后的關鍵性步驟。長期以來，扶貧開發工作就受困于“最后一公里”的問題。

習近平在多個場合指出，要實施貧困村提升工程，培育壯大集體經濟，完善基礎設施，打通脫貧攻堅政策落實“最后一公里”。即把脫貧攻堅重點放在改善生產生活條件上，著重加強農田水利、交通通信等基礎設施建設和技術培訓、教育醫療等公共服務建設，特別是要解決好入村入戶等“最后一公里”問題。支持貧困地區農民在本地或外出務工、創業，這是短期內增收最直接見效的辦法。勞務輸出地政府和輸入地政府，對貧困人口外出務工要多想辦法、多做實事。

為加強脫貧攻堅一線工作力量，中央要求，每個貧困村都要派駐村工作隊，每個貧困戶都要有幫扶責任人。截至2019年4月，全國累計選派300多萬縣級以上機關、國有企事業單位干部參加駐村幫扶，在崗的第一書記20.6萬人、駐村干部70萬人。他們積極幫助群眾出主意干實事，推動扶貧政策措施落地落實，打通了精準扶貧“最后一公里”。

The "Last-Mile" Problem

The "last-mile" problem refers to the last part of a journey. It is a metaphor to describe the last hurdle to clear before completing a task. China's poverty alleviation effort has been dogged by "last-mile" problems.

Xi Jinping has more than once talked about removing the last hurdle in implementing poverty elimination policies. By this he means improvement projects in poor villages, developing a collective economy, and improving local infrastructure. To be more specific, the focus is on improving rural living and production conditions, improving farmlands, irrigation, transportation and communications facilities, and providing technical training, education, medical services and other public services, particularly granting access to local villages and households.

Helping the rural population find jobs locally or elsewhere is a most effective way to increase their incomes within a short period of time. The governments of localities that are net importers or exporters of labor must take practical measures to facilitate employment for migrant workers.

To reinforce the frontline work of poverty elimination, the central authorities require that every poor village must have one resident working team and every poor household have one person assigned to help them. By April 2019, some 3 million officials had been assigned to poverty alleviation missions. Of these, 206,000 were serving as on-post first Party secretaries, and 700,000 were resident working team members. These people have offered advice to the villagers and done solid work in the execution of poverty alleviation policies, thus solving the "last-mile" problems.