現行標準下農村貧困人口實現脫貧

2015年發布的《中共中央 國務院關于打贏脫貧攻堅戰的決定》明確提出脫貧攻堅總體目標：到2020年，穩定實現農村貧困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，義務教育、基本醫療和住房安全有保障；確保中國現行標準下農村貧困人口全部脫貧，消除絕對貧困；確保貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困。

現行標準是指結合“三保障”措施制定的穩定溫飽標準。在“三保障”的前提下，現行標準包括的食物支出比重（即恩格爾系數）為53.5%，按農產品出售和購買綜合平均價，在農村地區每人每天消費1斤米面、1斤蔬菜和1兩肉或1個雞蛋。在此基礎上，現行標準還包括保障一定數量的非食品支出，滿足與健康生存同等重要的衣、住、用、行以及義務教育、基本醫療等需求，從而實現“不愁吃、不愁穿”的穩定溫飽要求。扶貧標準每年按農村貧困人口面對的物價指數更新。

打贏脫貧攻堅戰，有著明確的時間節點和攻堅目標。在實踐中，要堅持現行脫貧標準，既不拔高，也不降低。

Eliminating Poverty Among Rural People Living Below the Current Poverty Line

According to the Decision on Winning the Battle Against Poverty, promulgated in 2015, the overall goals set by the central leadership for poverty elimination are: by 2020, the rural poor will have adequate food and clothing and access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing; all rural poor population (defined as those living below current poverty line) will be lifted out of poverty and absolute poverty be eradicated; all impoverished counties will be free of poverty, and overall regional poverty will have been eliminated.

The current poverty line is a standard set to meet the people's basic needs of food and clothing. Specifically, the Engel's Coefficient (the proportion of income spent on food) of the poor population is 53.5 percent, and each rural resident has 500 grams of rice or flour, 500 grams of vegetables, and 50 grams of meat or one egg per day. A certain amount of non-food expenditure is also guaranteed to meet people's needs for clothing, housing, daily expenses, travel, compulsory education and basic medical services. The standard will be updated based on the yearly price index affecting the rural poor.

China has a clear timetable and realistic goals for its battle against poverty. The current standard will neither be raised nor lowered.