第一個百年奮斗目標
20世紀80年代，中國共產黨提出“三步走”的社會主義現代化建設戰略目標：第一步，到20世紀80年代末，實現國民生產總值比1980年翻一番，解決人民的溫飽問題；第二步，到20世紀末，使國民生產總值再增長一倍，人民生活達到小康水平；第三步，到21世紀中葉，人均國民生產總值達到中等發達國家水平，人民生活比較富裕，基本實現現代化。
在解決人民溫飽問題、人民生活總體上達到小康水平這兩個目標基礎上，中國共產黨提出“兩個一百年”的奮斗目標。第一個百年奮斗目標：到建黨100年時建成經濟更加發展、民主更加健全、科教更加進步、文化更加繁榮、社會更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實的小康社會。第二個百年奮斗目標：到新中國成立100年時，基本實現現代化，把中國建成社會主義現代化國家。
全面建成小康社會，實現第一個百年奮斗目標，一個標志性的指標是農村貧困人口全部脫貧。中共十八大以來，黨中央從全面建成小康社會要求出發，把扶貧開發工作納入“五位一體”總體布局、“四個全面”戰略布局，作為實現第一個百年奮斗目標的重點任務，作出一系列重大部署和安排，全面打響脫貧攻堅戰。
The First Centenary Goal
In the 1980s the CPC devised a three-step strategic plan for modernization. The first step was to double the 1980 gross national production (GNP) by the end of the 1980s and ensure that the whole population would have adequate food and clothing. The second step was to further double the 1990 GNP by the end of the 20th century and ensure the people a moderately prosperous life. The third step was to increase the per capita GNP level to that of moderately developed countries, ensure the people a relatively affluent life, and achieve basic modernization by the middle of the 21st century.
Having attained the first two of these three goals, the CPC set itself two new goals, known as the Two Centenary Goals.
The first goal calls for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021, when China will have a stronger economy, greater democracy, more advanced science and education, more thriving culture, greater social harmony, and a better quality of life.
The second goal is to achieve basic modernization and turn China into a modern socialist country by the time the People's Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.
A defining indicator in attaining the first goal is lifting all rural residents living below the current poverty line out of poverty. Since 2012, the year when the 18th CPC National Congress was convened, the central leadership has made poverty alleviation and development a major part of the Five-sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy, and rolled out a series of policies for the final nationwide battle of poverty elimination.
