| 3. Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders) |
3. 《傷寒論》 |
| The "Shang Han Lun," also known as the "Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders" or the "Treatise on Cold Injury," is a Chinese medical treatise describing the treatment of the common cold, its variants and related complications. It was written by Zhang Zhongjing at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty between 200 and 205. The book was actually compiled by later generations from his original works "Shang Han Za Bing Lun" ("Treatise on Cold Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases"). The other book compiled from the same works is called "Jin Kui Yao Lue" ("Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet"). "Shang Han Lun" is the oldest clinical textbook in the world, and one of the four canonical works that the TCM-majored students must study. |
《傷寒論》是一部闡述外感及其雜病治療規律的專著。東漢末年由張仲景撰于公元200-205年。張仲景原著《傷寒雜病論》，經后人整理編纂將內容分為兩部書：《傷寒論》和《金匱要略》。《傷寒論》是世界上最早的一部醫學教科書，是中醫專業學生必讀的四大經典著作之一。 |
| Composed of 12 volumes and 22 pieces, the book has 397 sections with 112 herbal prescriptions. It organizes all the diseases into the six divisions called "six channels," based on the ways treatment can be applied accordingly. |
《傷寒論》全書共12卷，22篇，397法，共有藥方112個。他把病癥分為六種，即所謂“六經”，據此來判斷診療方法。 |
| The six channels are: |
這六經是： |
| Tai Yang (greater yang): a milder stage with external symptoms of chills, fevers, stiffness, and headache. Therapy: sweating. |
太陽：陽氣較足，外在癥狀有惡寒、發熱、肌膚僵硬、頭痛等。療法：發汗。 |
| Yang Ming (yang brightness): a more severe internal excess yang condition with fever without chills, distended abdomen, and constipation. Therapy: body cooling and discharging body waste. |
陽明：內在陽氣過盛，無寒戰，但有發熱、腹脹、便秘等癥狀。療法：降溫、排毒。 |
| Shao Yang (lesser yang): half outside, half inside, half excess and half deficiency, with chest discomfort, alternating chills, and fever. Therapy: harmonizing. |
少陽：半外、半內、半過盛、半缺乏，有胸悶、往來寒熱、發熱等癥狀。療法：和解。 |
| Tai Yin (greater yin): chills, distended abdomen with occasional pain. Therapy: warming the body with supplements. |
太陰：有惡寒、腹脹并偶伴疼痛等癥狀。療法：溫補。 |
| Jue Yin (absolute yin): thirst, difficult urination, physical collapse. Therapy: warming the body with supplements. |
厥陰：口干、小便困難、體力不支。療法：溫補。 |
| Shao Yin (lesser yin): weak pulse, anxiety, drowsiness, diarrhea, chills, cold extremities. Therapy: warming the body with supplements. |
少陰：脈微細，焦慮、困倦、腹瀉、惡寒、四肢冰冷。療法：溫補。 |
