Beijing municipal people's congress revealed this week that the capital now has 19.72 million inhabitants.

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??????? 這是一個不能回避也無法回避的數字：北京常住人口總量1972萬，提前10年突破國務院批復的北京常住人口規模。目前北京的人口規模已經接近甚至超過北京環境資源的承載極限，水電氣熱煤的供應常年緊張運行，形勢非常嚴峻。請看相關報道：

???????According to the guidelines regarding Beijing's development between 2004 and 2020 set by the State Council, the number of permanent residents living in capital should have been capped below 18 million until the end of 2020.

???????根據國務院批復的2004至2020年北京城市總體規劃，到2020年底，北京市常住人口規模應控制在1800萬人以下。

???????However, a recently released report from the population investigation and research team within the people's congress shows that by the end of 2009, approximately 12.46 million people in the capital held a Beijing hukou. An additional 7.26 million inhabitants were migrant workers who had been living in the city for more than half a year and who are therefore also classified as permanent residents.

???????然而，近日北京市人大常委會人口調研組發布報告稱，截至2009年底，全市常住人口構成為：戶籍人口1246萬人，居住半年以上的外來人口726.4萬人。

——Excerpt from Beijing's population surges near 20 million

???????“浮腫虛胖”的人口規模增加了環境負荷（burden the environment），給城市的自然資源供應帶來了很大的壓力（bring pressure on the city's natural resources）；同時也造成了城市基礎設施（infrastructure）、 公共服務體系（public service system）和社會管理體系（management of society）超負荷運轉。

???????與常住人口相對的概念是流動人口（floating population ）。近年來北京流動人口增量逐年加大；如果將駐京部隊、在社會上散居未登記的和短期來京探親、旅游、就醫的流動人口估算在內，北京的流動人口總量已超過1000萬。

（來源：中國網學英語頻道）