中國(guó)二胎政策有望放開(kāi)

China's population authority is considering the possibility of allowing all urban couples to have a second child.

據(jù)《京華時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道，中國(guó)政府有望在“十二五規(guī)劃”（2011-2015）年末放松計(jì)劃生育政策，允許二胎，此舉旨在減輕工齡人口缺乏以及老年人口的贍養(yǎng)問(wèn)題。全國(guó)政協(xié)委員、人口資源環(huán)境委員會(huì)副主任王玉慶透露，中國(guó)計(jì)生部門(mén)目前正在考慮在全國(guó)城市地區(qū)放開(kāi)二胎政策。目前在農(nóng)村和少數(shù)民族地區(qū)，如果夫婦的第一個(gè)孩子是女孩，政策允許生第二胎。

王慶玉認(rèn)為，政策放開(kāi)不會(huì)導(dǎo)致人口暴漲。他說(shuō)，城市化進(jìn)程已經(jīng)改變了人們的生育觀念。在京滬這樣的大城市，撫養(yǎng)孩子的成本高昂，也促使人口出生率持續(xù)下降，所以出生率總體會(huì)保持穩(wěn)定。中國(guó)現(xiàn)行的計(jì)劃生育政策始于上世紀(jì)70年代初，目的在于抑制當(dāng)時(shí)人口過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)的勢(shì)頭。按現(xiàn)行規(guī)定，只有雙方均為獨(dú)生子女的夫婦才能生養(yǎng)二胎。

China to loosen family planning policy

The Chinese government is likely to loosen its family planning policies at the end of the 12fth Five-Year Plan (2011-2015) to address the country's working-age population shortage and an increasing burden to support the elderly, the Beijing Times reported. China's population authority is considering the possibility of allowing all urban couples to have a second child, said Wang Yuqing, Deputy Director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee under China's top advisory body. Currently, couples residing in rural areas and members of minority ethnic groups are allowed to have a second child when their first-born is a girl.

Yu said he believed loosening the policy would not profoundly affect the population, adding that urbanization has transformed people's ideas on family planning. In major cities like Beijing and Shanghai, the birth rate continues to drop due to the high cost of raising a child. The current family planning policy, which was initiated in the early 1970s to control China's then-rapidly growing population, stipulates that only "only-child" couples in urban areas can have two children.

(China.org.cn March 8, 2011)